Decentralized Control of Low-Voltage Islanded DC Microgrid Using Power Management Strategies

This paper intended to control a DC microgrid in islanded operation mode using decentralized power management strategies. The DC microgrid under study included a wind turbine generator (WTG), photovoltaic (PV), battery energy storage system (BESS) and dc constant power load. According to the newly proposed strategy, each of distributed generation sources of energy and battery energy storage system can be deployed independently within any controlled microgrid through the droop method. Proposed I/V characteristic curve could be regulated locally and in real-time based on the available power of DGs and the battery state of charge (SOC), to synchronize the module performances independently and establish the power balance in the DC microgrid. Proposed strategy for the battery enables the system to supply independently the power required for the load demand when the DGs are not capable of supplying the required power to the load. This can maintain the common bus voltage within the allowable range and establish the power balance in the DC microgrid. The proposed control strategy was applied locally and without dependency on telecommunication links or any centralized energy management system on each of the distributed generation modules and battery independently. The newly proposed power management strategy was simulated through the implementation of a low voltage DC microgrid in MATLAB/SIMULINK where its performance was evaluated.